Voltage References
Voltage references are electronic devices that provide a fixed output voltage. They provide a constant voltage regardless of external factors. This includes the load on the device, temperature or fluctuations in the power supply. Learn more in our Complete Guide to Voltage References.Voltage references have different characteristics depending on their purpose. Voltage references used in laboratory applications are designed to have extremely high precision and accuracy, whereas those used as regulators for computer power supplies are much cheaper but less precise.There are many different kinds of voltage references, generally categorised by type, tolerance, rated voltage, reference voltage and rated current. The most common tolerances are ±2%, ±1% and ±0.5%, but voltage references are available even up to ±40%.Voltage reference ICs come in a standard semiconductor package, such as PDIP, SO, SOIC and SOT-23. The pin count may also be combined with the package type, for example SO-8.Types of voltage referencesTwo-terminal shunt voltage referenceThree-terminal series voltage referenceBand-gap voltage referenceLow noise voltage referenceMicropower voltage referenceWhat are voltage references used for?Voltage references can be used for a variety of different precision measurement and control systems such as power supplies in personal computers and analogue-to-digital converters. They are also used in scientific applications and in medical equipment where voltage variations need to be tested regularly. Voltage references are also used in battery-powered devices.
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Analog Devices Fixed Shunt Voltage Reference 6.95V ±5 % 4-Pin TO-46, LM399H#PBF
IDR231,072.67 -
onsemi Adjustable Shunt Voltage Reference 2.5 - 36V ±2.2 % 3-Pin TO-92, TL431CLPG
IDR251,631.11Bag (1 Bag of 50) -
onsemi Fixed Shunt Voltage Reference 1.235V ±2% 8-Pin SOIC, LM385D-1.2R2G
IDR261,595.66Reel (1 Reel of 25) -
Analog Devices Fixed Series Voltage Reference 5V ±0.4 % 8-Pin PDIP, AD586JNZ
IDR263,273.90 -
onsemi Programmable Shunt Voltage Reference 2.5 - 36V ±1.0 % 8-Pin SOIC, TL431ACDR2G
IDR264,532.58Pack (1 Pack of 50) -
Analog Devices Fixed Series Voltage Reference 2.5V ±0.1 % 8-Pin SOIC, REF43GSZ
IDR268,833.07 -
Analog Devices Fixed Series Voltage Reference 5V ±0.5 % 8-Pin PDIP, REF02HPZ
IDR315,509.12Pack (1 Pack of 2) -
Diodes Inc Adjustable Shunt Voltage Reference 2.5V ±0.5 % 3-Pin TO-92, AP431IAZTR-G1
IDR323,795.43Reel (1 Reel of 50) -
Analog Devices Fixed Series Voltage Reference 10V ±1.0 % 8-Pin PDIP, REF01CPZ
IDR4,309,720.32Tube (1 Tube of 50)